Witchcraft And The Puritan Culture - 985 Words

Tituba is rarely at the center of attention when the Salem Witch trials come into discussion. In fact, the only time she seems to ever be mentioned is to state that she is the link between witchcraft and the adolescent girls of Salem (Breslaw. Xx). Witchcraft is defined, by Webster’s dictionary, as the â€Å"magical things that are done by witches: the use of magical powers obtained especially from evil spirits†. Although words are known to change throughout the years, witchcraft, for the most part, has remained the same, but its various interpretations, specifically in Tituba’s Arawak culture and the Puritan culture. The culture in which Tituba was born into and the culture in which she was forced into have different interpretations on who, exactly, the â€Å"evil spirits† might be. This paper will discuss the historical Salem of 1692 and what it meant to be a witch as well as highlight the parallels of witchcraft between Tituba’s culture and the Puritan culture and connect them to the larger picture to demonstrate the significance of defining witchcraft. In 1692, Salem Village was undergoing a widespread belief in the supernatural. The scandal began with three women, Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba were accused and questioned for being witches. Tituba, Reverend Samuel Parris’ Amerindian slave, would be the only of the three women to confess to witchcraft. Her confession led to many consequential events that will be discussed later. Tituba, from Elaine Breslaw’s archivalShow MoreRelatedColonial New England Ideologies And Religious Beliefs1439 Words   |  6 Pagesideologies were strictly religious in their puritan beliefs. Clergymen were highly educated and forced religious practices in the name of being righteous and holy. Conformity to religion was not considered a rational choice to those that were forced unto American soil and forced to live a way of life so different than their own. Enslaved Africa ns brought with them their own religious, marriage and funeral, and medicinal practices. These practices prompted radical puritans to fear these religious traditionsRead MoreThe Cause Of The Salem Witch Trials Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesThe Causes of the Salem Witch Trials In 1692 in the quaint Puritan village of Salem Massachusetts, twenty lives were claimed to execution on charges of witchcraft, nineteen by hanging and one man was pressed to death. The causes of these deaths and the Salem Witch Trails can be easier understood when the culture of Puritan Colonial life is examined. The Salem community was rooted in the Puritan religion. Puritans believed like all Christians, that humanity was guilty of the original sin committedRead MoreThe Causes of the Salem Witch Trials (DBQ)1337 Words   |  4 Pagesimposed on people throughout New England during the 1680s and 1690s seem preposterous. Any behavior regarded as strange by fellow citizens was sufficient to hold a trial with a sentence of death. Though such scenarios seem unfathomable in our modern culture, it was a reality for hundreds of New England settlers. The causes of the famous outbreak of witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts are rooted in social, economic, and political aspects of the late 1 7th century Salem community. Early New EnglandersRead MoreCarol Karlsen s The Devil1692 Words   |  7 Pagespower. Independent of guilt, women who were accused of witchcraft could not possibly recovered. If they claimed their innocence, they would be stoned or burned to death because the counsel would decide that they were not being truthful. If they admitted to their guilt, their place in society would be marred and they would be embarrassed for partaking in these evil acts. Through this violence, men have been able to maintain their place in Puritan society. In her book, Karlsen aims to provide the readerRead MoreWitchcraft Trials And The Salem Witch Trials893 Words   |  4 PagesThe Salem witchcraft trials took place in colonial Massachusetts between February 1692 and May 1693. The news of witches began to spread in Salem when a group of young girls gathered together in the kitchen of the Reverend Samuel Parris with his Indian slave named Tituba to experiment with witchcraft. After these young girls began to portray unusual behavior the village doctor came to the scene and diagnosed the girls to be possessed by the devil. The news of the presence of witches spread throughoutRead MoreSociological And Societal Issues That Influenced The Sweeping Accusations Of The Salem Witch Trials Essay1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe dynamics of late 17th century culture contributed to sociological and societal issues that influenced the sweeping accusations of the Salem Witch Trials. The â€Å"witch hunt† frenzy began in Salem Village in early 1692 all due to two young girls influence. Three main societal issues prevalent at this time could have led to the hysteria and rapid movement of the witch hunt idea. The chaotic beginnings in leadership of the church at Salem Village, the strict Puritan lifestyle and beliefs of villagersRead MoreThe Murder Of Witchcraft During The Nineteenth Century1599 Words   |  7 Pages In 1692, witchcraft accusations were prevalent in Salem Massachusetts. Hundreds of innocent people were accused and jailed on charges of witchcraft which stemmed from social class tensions, intense religious beliefs, and adolescent behavior. The accusations began with a group of young girls whose strange behavior caused many to believe that the devil and witchcraft were at play. The charge of witchcraft was considered a capital offense in the seventeenth-century, which ultimately led to the stoningRead MorePuritans, Quakers, And Witchcraft1416 Words   |  6 PagesFaith LePage HIS 201-112 Professor Newsum 10 November 2014 Puritans, Quakers, and Witchcraft Seventeenth and eighteenth century Puritans arrived in the new world; their morality structured the disciplinary actions toward Quakers, those who were considered witches, and Puritans alike throughout the Massachusetts Bay colony. Puritans Structure and new world have three significant events and one leading man. Puritans on the Mayflower traveling to the Massachusetts Bay colony were led by John WinthropRead MoreNegative Effects Of Puritan Culture On American Society1232 Words   |  5 Pagessee their loved ones slaughtered —day after day. They are enduring a nightmare with the fear of being accused of witchcraft. They are living during the corrupt time of the Salem witch trials. Thomas Satterwhite Noble’s oil painting â€Å"The Witch Hill,† which typifies the mood described above, depicts a young woman being escorted to her execution because she has been accused of witchcraft. Looking at this work, it becomes clear that this alleged witch is a regular woman with a regular life. Her softRead MoreKing Philip s War Caused The Salem Witch Trials1694 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish colonists, known as King Philip’s War, gave the puritans the mindset that the Natives were associated wit h witchcraft and worshipped the Devil. The puritans believed that the natives would try to invade and destroy their religious community. The belief remained even after the war has ended which leads to the Salem Witch Trials in 1692, which occurred in Salem, Massachusetts, where the citizens, mainly women, were accused of practicing witchcraft and glorifying the Devil, similarly to what was thought

The Origin Of The Beverage Industry - 1715 Words

The beverage industry has its origins in the antique civilization. The beverage industry includes tea brewers, wine growers and home industries producing additional beverage for selling them. Over the years, the process of producing drinks became simplified and performed on a much larger scale. â€Å"The term soft drink is a combination of the words â€Å"soda water,† dating back to 1798. At that time, soft beverage creation and soda fountain manufacturing were handled by local pharmacists using their experience with chemistry and medicine. In 1835, the first bottled soda water was produced in the United States. This marked the start of carbonated soft drink manufacturing.† Martin, J. (2001). The soda fountain was rising in popularity as a social gathering spot. Temperance was keeping patrons out of bars, so making a soda-fountain drink just made sense. According to Pendergrast (1993), by the time of 1886, Coca-Cola was invented by a pharmacist named John Pemberton, everything he made failed in pharmacies. He invented many drugs, but none of them made any money. After he moved to Atlanta, decided to try his invention in the beverage market. Pemberton associated with Frank Robinson, a marketing business man, who register the patent, design the logo and slogan â€Å"The pauses that refreshed†. During the lapse of its first year, Coke was a disastrous business and his inventor died in August of 1888 without know what will happen with his creation. 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Ultimately Jorge needs to market not just the chocolate and cocoa, but the origin in which it came from and in this case Venezuela. When people think of chocolate the firstRead MoreValue Alignment for Coca-Cola Bus/4751060 Words   |  5 PagesValue Alignment for Coca-Cola BUS/475 Value Alignment for Coca-Cola The Origin and Evolution of Coca-Cola’s Workplace Values In May 1886 as a one man business in Atlanta, GA, Dr. John Pemberton, a Pharmacist who created the noncarbonated drink as medicine used as a medical elixir, nerve, and brain tonic during the origin(s) and subsequent evolution of Coca-cola started. Later carbonated dihydrogen monoxide was integrated into the drink presently known as Coca-Cola. Robert Goizueta is the currentRead MoreCoca Cola And The Market Strategy Essay1178 Words   |  5 Pagesand Coke Whiskey. Target market would be males and females of legal drinking age. Coca-Cola operates in a mature industry and business is in existence for more than 100 years. 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Yunker V. Honeywell free essay sample

The court meant by its statement that negligent hiring and negligent retention â€Å"rely on liability on the part of an individual or a business that has been on the basis of negligence or other factors resulting in harm or damage to another individual or their property† (Luthra, 2011) and not on â€Å"an obligation that arises from the relationship of one party with another† (Luthra, 2011). The court meant that â€Å"negligent hiring and negligent retention do not rely on the scope of employment but address risks created by exposing members of the public to a potentially dangerous individual† (McAdams, 2007, pg. 457). 2. The court rejected the negligent supervision claim because they agreed it was not a viable theory of recovery. They stated that, â€Å"Because Landin was neither on Honeywell’s premises nor using Honeywell’s chattels when he shot Nesser† (McAdams, 2007, pg. 457), that therefore made the claim not viable. The court in this case rejected the negligent hiring claim because of previous case law. We will write a custom essay sample on Yunker V. Honeywell or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the Ponticas case of 1983, the court defined negligent hiring as, â€Å"predicated on the negligence of an employer in placing a person with knowing propensities, or propensities which should have been discovered by reasonable investigation, in an employment position in which, because of the circumstances of the employment, it should have been foreseeable that the hired individual posed a threat of injury to others†. â€Å"Because of this definition under Ponticas, Honeywell argued that it should not be held liable for negligent hiring because, unlike providing a dangerous resident manager with a passkey, Landin’s employment did not enable him to commit the act of violence against Nesser† (McAdams, 2007, pg. 457). 4. The court allowed for the negligent retention issue to go to trial because of some evidence found on the record, which showed a number of episodes after Landin’s imprisonment while employed at Honeywell, a propensity for abuse and violence toward co-employees. According to the  definition by the Florida Appellate court, â€Å"Negligent retention occurs when, during the course of employment, the employer becomes aware or should have become aware of problems with an employee that indicated his unfitness, and the employer fails to take further action such as investigating, discharge, or reassignment† (McAdams, 2007, pg. 458). Since the record contained evidence of a number of episodes during Landins employment after imprisonment where Honeywell should have become aware if not already aware and have taken action, this is why the court allowed for the negligent retention issue to go to trial. â€Å"Employees or their representatives have a right to request an inspection of a workplace if they believe there is a violation of a safety or health standard, or if there is any danger that threatens physical harm, or if an imminent danger exists. In addition, anyone who knows about a workplace safety or health hazard may report unsafe conditions to OSHA, and OSHA will investigate the concerns reported† (OSHA, 2011). What info must the employee give? â€Å"Employees or their representatives must provide enough information for OSHA  to determine that a hazard probably exists. Workers do not have to know whether a specific OSHA standard has been violated in order to file a complaint† (OSHA, 2011). The following are examples of the type of information that would be useful to OSHA when receiving a complaint: -How many employees work at the site and how many are exposed to the hazard. -How and when workers are exposed, what work is performed in the unsafe or unhealthful area. -What type of equipment is used, Is it in good condition What materials and/or chemicals are used. Have employees been informed or trained regarding hazardous conditions, -What process and/or operation is involved, what kinds of work are done nearby, -How often and for how long do employees work at the task that leads to their exposure? -How long (to your knowledge) has the condition existed? -Have any attempts been made to correct the problem, on what shifts does the hazard exist? -Has anyone been injured or made ill because of this problem. -Have there been any near-miss incidents?   How does OSHA respond? â€Å"OSHA evaluates each complaint to determine how it can be handled bestan off-site investigation or an on-site inspection. Before beginning an inspection, OSHA staff must be able to determine from the complaint that there are reasonable grounds to believe that a violation of an OSHA standard or a safety or health hazard exists. If OSHA has information indicating the employer is aware of the hazard and is correcting it, the agency may not conduct an inspection after obtaining the necessary documentation from the employer†. â€Å"Complaint inspections generally are limited to the hazards listed in the complaint, although other violations in plain sight may be cited as well. The inspector may decide to expand the inspection based on his/her professional judgment or conversations with workers. Complaints are not necessarily inspected in first come, first served order. OSHA ranks complaints based on the severity of the alleged hazard and the number of employees exposed. That is why lower priority complaints can often be handled more quickly using the phone/fax method than through on-site  inspections After OSHA conducts a phone/fax investigation or an on-site inspection, the agency sends a letter to the worker or worker representative who filed the complaint outlining the findings, including citations and proposed penalties. Copies of citations also must be posted by the employer at or near the site of the violation. This assures that all workers who might be exposed to a hazard are aware of it and understand the need and the schedule for correction.